Roman Numeral Converter

Convert numbers 1–3999 to Roman numerals and Roman numerals back to numbers, with the rules explained and a quick chart of common years.

Number (1–3999)

Roman numeral

MMXXVI

Roman numeral

Number

1994

Common years

1776 = MDCCLXXVI
1900 = MCM
1984 = MCMLXXXIV
1999 = MCMXCIX
2000 = MM
2010 = MMX
2020 = MMXX
2025 = MMXXV
2026 = MMXXVI
2027 = MMXXVII
2030 = MMXXX
2050 = MML

The rules

Seven letters: I = 1, V = 5, X = 10, L = 50, C = 100, D = 500, M = 1000. Letters are written largest first and added. A smaller letter before a larger one is subtracted, but only in six pairs: IV (4), IX (9), XL (40), XC (90), CD (400) and CM (900).

No letter repeats more than three times in a row, which is why 4 is IV rather than IIII (clock faces are a traditional exception). Standard numerals stop at 3999 (MMMCMXCIX).

Years

Film credits and building dates use Roman years: 1999 = MCMXCIX, 2000 = MM, 2026 = MMXXVI.

Frequently asked questions

What is 2026 in Roman numerals?

MMXXVI.

Why is 4 written IV and not IIII?

Standard form uses subtraction to avoid four repeated letters. IIII appears on some clock faces by tradition.

Is there a Roman numeral for zero?

No. The Roman system had no zero; the largest standard numeral is 3999.